COMPRESS, Pressure Vessel, Division 2, Appendix 46 randy bogard COMPRESS, Pressure Vessel, Division 2, Appendix 46 randy bogard

Appendix 46 for External Pressure

Have you started using the Appendix 46 solution for external pressure calculations?

I encourage you to become familiar with the Appendix 46 external pressure solution as the more accurate calculation method provides benefits over the Division 1 solution. Try creating a spreadsheet for the Appendix 46 external pressure method and compare it to the Division 1 solution over a wide range of diameters and materials. This helped build my confidence in the method and will build your confidence too. 

Take a look at this simple 8’ inner diameter carbon steel vessel at 425°F where the Appendix 46 solution passes the vacuum case and the Division 1 solution fails the vacuum case.

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Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2 randy bogard Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2 randy bogard

Use Appendix 46 Nozzle Rules

Are you using the Division 2 nozzle rules yet?

I know a lot of Owner/Operators are afraid of using the Division 2 rules because they are weary of using higher allowable stresses. Did you know that you can apply the lower Division 1 allowables with the Division 2 rules by using Appendix 46 in Division 1 designs? This means engineers like me can still save big money where the Division 2 rules offer a clear advantage. This is especially evident in nozzle design where the Bildy rules often avoid extraneous nozzle reinforcement compared to the Division 1 area-of-replacement rules.

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Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2, Nozzles randy bogard Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2, Nozzles randy bogard

Division 2 Rules Save $ On Nozzle Design

Did you know you can design safer and save money using ASME Division 2 rules instead of Division 1? 

There are many ways to take advantage of the higher allowables and more accurate numerical methods in Division 2. One such method to consider is using the Bildy Rules instead of Area of Replacement for nozzle design. 

Take a look at this simple nozzle internal pressure case:

Design Pressure = 290 psi (2000 kPa)

Design Temperature = 475°F (246°C)

Nozzle Material = SA-106 C Smls Pipe

Nozzle Size = NPS 12 Sch 140

The Division 1 vessel does not pass the design condition of 290 psi (2000 kPa) @475°F (246°C).

The Division 2 vessel passes the design condition of 290 psi (2000 kPa) @475°F (246°C).

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Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2, External Pressure randy bogard Mechanical Engineering, Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Risk Management, COMPRESS, Division 2, External Pressure randy bogard

Save $ Using Division 2 External Pressure Rules

Can you save money using ASME Division 2 rules instead of Division 1? 

There are many ways to take advantage of the higher allowables and more accurate numerical methods in Division 2. 

Take a look at this simple external pressure (vacuum) case:

Outside Diameter, Do = 60.75” (1543 mm)

Thickness, t = 0.375” (9.53 mm)

Unsupported Length, L = 264” (6706 mm)

The Division 1 vessel does not pass the vacuum condition of 14.7 psi (101 kPa).

The Division 2 vessel passes the vacuum condition of 14.7 psi (101 kPa).

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